When to Plant Turnip in Pennsylvania (2026 Guide)
Turnips are an incredibly versatile vegetable suitable for home gardens across Pennsylvania. With a growing time of just 30 to 60 days, they are quick to mature and unlike many crops, their flavor actually improves after frost, especially after the median last spring frost of April 23 in Zone 6a or May 4 in Zone 5b. Whether you enjoy them roasted, mashed, or in soups, turnips are an excellent addition to any dish, making them a must-try crop for both novice and experienced gardeners alike.
The climate in Pennsylvania varies from zone to zone, allowing for diverse growing opportunities. Gardeners in areas like Philadelphia can take advantage of a frost-free season lasting approximately 212 days, while those in Pittsburgh will experience a slightly shorter season of around 177 days. This means understanding your specific zone is crucial for timing your planting and harvesting of turnips to achieve the best yield and flavor.
It's also essential to know that turnips are a cool-season crop, thriving in the cooler temperatures of early spring and late fall. Gardeners can direct sow turnips as early as the last frost date for their area, which ensures not only robust root development but also a bountiful harvest that can last well into the season. With proper planning, your Pennsylvania turnip crop can remain sweet and flavorful, providing fresh produce through late autumn.
Planting Schedule by USDA Zone in Pennsylvania
| Zone | Indoor start | Transplant out | Direct sow | Harvest |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zone 6a | Not recommended — direct sow only. | Not recommended — direct sow only. | Start March 15 – April 15, ~6 weeks after April 23. | Harvest from June 1 – July 15, reaching 2-3 inches in diameter. |
| Zone 5b | Not recommended — direct sow only. | Not recommended — direct sow only. | Start April 15 – May 1, ~6 weeks after May 4. | Harvest from July 1 – August 15, reaching 2-3 inches in diameter. |
| Zone 6b | Not recommended — direct sow only. | Not recommended — direct sow only. | Start March 1 – April 1, ~6 weeks after April 6. | Harvest from June 15 – August 1, reaching 2-3 inches in diameter. |
Turnip Planting Windows in Pennsylvania
- Indoor start: Indoor starting of turnips is not recommended; always direct sow in the garden during suitable temperatures.
- Transplant outdoors: Outdoor transplanting is not recommended for turnips; they should be direct sown to ensure root health.
- Harvest: Harvest turnip roots when they reach 2-3 inches in diameter, typically from June to August depending on sowing date.
Common Mistakes Growing Turnip in Pennsylvania
- One common mistake in Pennsylvania is planting turnips too late in the spring. Given that the median last frost can vary, especially in areas like Pittsburgh, it's crucial to check the frost dates to avoid disappointing yields.
- Gardeners often underestimate the importance of spacing turnip seedlings correctly. Crowding leads to smaller, less flavorful roots, making it essential to thin them to 4-6 inches apart for optimal growth in Pennsylvania’s climate.
- Some Pennsylvania gardeners may try to start turnip seeds indoors, which is not advisable. Turnips are a taproot crop and should always be direct sown in the garden to ensure proper root development.
- Failing to protect turnips during unexpected late spring snows can be devastating. Pennsylvanians should be prepared with row covers or mulch to safeguard their crops from frost damage in unpredictable weather patterns.
- Not utilizing the greens of turnips is a wasted opportunity. Many Pennsylvania gardeners focus solely on the roots, but the leafy tops should also be harvested for nutritious cooking greens, enhancing both yield and flavor.
Frequently Asked Questions
What if I'm in a cold pocket of Pennsylvania?
If you're in a colder area, wait until after your local last frost date to plant turnips. Monitor the weather closely for any late frosts and be sure to protect young seedlings as needed.
Can I still plant turnips in May?
Yes, you can plant turnips in May, especially if you are in Zone 5b. Just ensure you do so before the end of the month to allow them sufficient time to mature before fall.
When is the best time to harvest turnips?
The best time to harvest turnips is when their roots reach about 2-3 inches in diameter, which typically occurs between June and August depending on when you sowed them.
How does frost affect turnips?
Frost can actually enhance the flavor of turnips, making them sweeter and milder. If you allow turnips to be exposed to frost in the fall, this can prevent them from becoming overly tough or bitter.
Are turnips hardy enough for Pennsylvania winters?
Turnips are quite hardy and can survive mild winter conditions. In many areas of Pennsylvania, they can be left in the ground well into winter, where they may continue to sweeten with frost.
Keep Learning
City guides in Pennsylvania
Other crops in Pennsylvania
Typical fall sowing window for Turnip in Pennsylvania: August 12 – September 2.