When to Plant Scallions in Missouri (2026 Guide)
If you're looking to grow scallions in Missouri, understanding when to plant is crucial to a successful harvest. Depending on your location, the last frost date can vary significantly; for example, in Zone 6b, the median last spring frost is April 10. This knowledge helps you structure your planting and harvesting schedule, ensuring you can enjoy fresh scallions throughout the gardening season.
Scallions, also known as green onions or bunching onions, are versatile and productive crops that can be harvested before any bulb forms. They can be planted in succession every 3–4 weeks, providing a continual supply from spring through fall. This strategy allows Missouri gardeners to maximize their yields, particularly in the warm months when these plants thrive well, as they tolerate heat reasonably well.
Furthermore, a typical frost-free season in Missouri ranges from about 176 days in Zone 6a, with a last spring frost of April 19, to approximately 195 days in Zone 6b. Knowing these dates will help you perfectly time your planting and harvesting cycles, ensuring that you will be rewarded with delicious bunches of scallions well into the fall, after around 60–70 days from sowing.
Planting Schedule by USDA Zone in Missouri
| Zone | Indoor start | Transplant out | Direct sow | Harvest |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zone 6b | Start February 15 – March 1, ~6–8 weeks before April 10 | Transplant outdoors after April 10 to mid-April | Direct sow from mid-April to late June | Harvest from late June through October 22 |
| Zone 6a | Start March 1 – March 15, ~6–8 weeks before April 19 | Transplant outdoors after April 19 to late April | Direct sow from late April to early July | Harvest from late June through October 12 |
Scallions Planting Windows in Missouri
- Indoor start: Start your scallion seeds indoors between February 15 and March 1 to align with frost dates.
- Transplant outdoors: Transplant your scallions outdoors after the last frost, ideally between April 10 and late April.
- Harvest: You can begin to harvest scallions as early as late June and continue until October 12 in Missouri.
Common Mistakes Growing Scallions in Missouri
- One common mistake in Missouri is planting scallions too early. Late spring snows or frosts can severely impact your seedlings if you start too soon. Always check your local frost dates before planting.
- Missouri's hot and humid summers can cause scallions to bolt, which is when they produce flowers instead of growing to size. Monitor the weather and consider partial shade during the hottest days to avoid this.
- Overcrowding scallions is another frequent error. While they can be planted densely, without adequate space they may not form proper growth and can compete for nutrients and water, especially in clay soils.
- Many gardeners in Missouri overlook the importance of soil drainage. Scallions thrive in well-draining soil, so neglecting soil preparation can lead to rot, particularly during heavy rains typical in the spring.
- Finally, miscalculating the planting dates can lead to disappointment. Many Missouri gardeners plant scallions too late, missing the prime window. Refer to local weather predictions and frost dates to optimize your planting schedule.
Frequently Asked Questions
What if I'm in a cold pocket of Missouri?
If you're in a colder area, adjust your planting dates accordingly. It might be helpful to start your scallions indoors to extend the growing season. Monitor local frost dates for guidance.
Can I still plant scallions in May?
Yes, you can still plant scallions in May, especially in Zones 6a and 6b. Just be cautious of the warm weather, and make sure to water them adequately to prevent heat stress.
How often should I sow scallions for a continuous crop?
For a continuous supply of scallions, sow them every 3–4 weeks throughout the planting season. This strategy allows for staggered harvesting and can keep your garden productive.
Can scallions survive light frost?
Yes, scallions are quite hardy and can tolerate light frost down to about 28°F. If you're expecting a hard frost, covering them with row covers can help extend your harvest season.
What should I do if my scallions bolt?
If your scallions bolt, it's best to harvest them immediately. The flavor may vary, but they can still be used in stir-fries or cooked dishes. For future crops, consider adjusting planting times or providing some shade.
Keep Learning
City guides in Missouri
Other crops in Missouri
Typical fall sowing window for Scallions in Missouri: August 6 – August 27.